The Aim of Managing Diabetes

The goal of managing diabetes is to maintain blood sugar levels as close to your individual 'target' range as possible to prevent complications. Your healthcare provider will establish a personalized blood glucose target range for you, which may vary from the targets set for others with diabetes.^2,3 Achieving blood glucose levels within this target range typically involves a combination of lifestyle modifications and medication.

Balanced Diet and Nutrition

A balanced diet is the cornerstone of diabetes management. Here are some key components of a diabetes-friendly diet:

• High in Fiber
  Foods rich in fiber, such as whole grains, fruits, vegetables, and legumes, help regulate blood sugar levels and promote satiety.
• Lean Proteins
  Include lean sources of protein, such as fish, poultry, tofu, and beans, in your meals to support muscle health and keep you full.
• Healthy Fats
  Opt for healthy fats like those found in avocados, nuts, seeds, and olive oil to support heart health.
• Limit Sugars and Refined Carbs
  Avoid sugary snacks and beverages and choose whole grain options over refined carbohydrates.

Regular Physical Activity

Physical activity is vital for managing diabetes. Here are some tips for incorporating exercise into your routine:

• Aerobic Exercise
  Aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise, such as walking, swimming, or cycling, per week.
• Strength Training
  Include strength training exercises at least twice a week to build muscle and improve insulin sensitivity.
• Flexibility and Balance
  Incorporate activities like yoga or tai chi to enhance flexibility and balance, reducing the risk of falls and injuries

Routine Monitoring and Medication

Regular monitoring of blood glucose levels is essential for managing diabetes. Here’s how to stay on top of it:                                                                                           
 

• Check Blood Sugar Levels
  Use a glucometer to check your blood sugar levels as recommended by your healthcare provider.
• Keep a Log
  Maintain a log of your blood sugar readings, noting the time, food intake, and physical activity to identify patterns.⁴
• Adhere to Medication
  Take your prescribed medications as directed by your healthcare provider.² This may include insulin or oral diabetes medications.

Effective diabetes management involves a combination of a balanced diet, regular physical activity, and routine monitoring of blood glucose levels. By adopting these strategies, you can maintain optimal blood sugar levels, improve your overall health, and reduce the risk of diabetes-related complications. Commit to these lifestyle changes and work closely with your healthcare team to manage your diabetes effectively.

References

1. Better Health Channel. Diabetes. Available at: https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/diabetes.
2. Diabetes Australia. Managing type 2 diabetes. Available at: https://www.diabetesaustralia.com.au/managing-diabetes/type-2/. Accessed May 2023. 
3. Diabetes Australia. Blood glucose level range. Available at: https://www.diabetesaustralia.com.au/managing-diabetes/blood-glucose-range/. Accessed May 2023.
4. National Diabetes Services Scheme. Your diabetes annual cycle of care fact sheet. Available at: https://www.ndss.com.au/about-diabetes/resources/find-a-resource/your-diabetes-annual-cycle-of-care-fact-sheet/.