What is HbA1c?¹

Haemoglobin A1c, or HbA1c, is a form of haemoglobin that is chemically linked to glucose. It is used primarily to identify the average plasma glucose concentration over prolonged periods. The higher the HbA1c, the higher the risk of diabetes-related complications.

How is HbA1c Measured?

HbA1c is measured through a simple blood test. Unlike daily blood glucose tests that measure glucose at a specific moment, the HbA1c test gives an overall picture of average blood sugar levels over the previous three months. This is because red blood cells live for about three months and carry glucose attached to them.
 

Importance of Monitoring HbA1c¹

• Reflects Long-term Blood Glucose Levels
   The HbA1c test measures the percentage of haemoglobin molecules in your blood that have glucose attached to them. For example, an HbA1c level of 6% indicates that 6% of the haemoglobin is glycated. The American Diabetes Association (ADA) recommends that people with diabetes aim for an HbA1c of less than 7%.
  
  
•  Early Detection of Pre-Diabetes
  Regular HbA1c monitoring can help detect pre-diabetes early. Pre-diabetes is a condition where blood glucose levels are higher than normal but not yet high enough to be classified as diabetes. Early detection is crucial as it allows individuals to make lifestyle changes that can delay or prevent the progression to type 2 diabetes.
  
  
• Prevents Progression to Diabetes
  By keeping an eye on your HbA1c levels and making necessary lifestyle changes, you can prevent the progression from pre-diabetes to type 2 diabetes. This includes adopting a healthy diet, engaging in regular physical activity, and maintaining a healthy weight.

Tips for Managing HbA1c Levels

• Healthy Eating
  Focus on a balanced diet rich in vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats. Avoid processed foods and sugary snacks.
  
  
• Regular Exercise
  Engage in at least 150 minutes of moderate aerobic activity or 75 minutes of vigorous activity each week. This can include activities like walking, cycling, swimming, or dancing.
  
  
• Medication Adherence
  If prescribed, take your medications as directed by your healthcare provider. These may include insulin or oral diabetes medications.
  
  
• Routine Monitoring^1,2
  Regularly check your blood sugar levels as advised by your healthcare provider and attend all scheduled medical appointments.
  1–2 serves of Glucerna per day has been clinically shown to help reduce HbA1c levels within 6 months for type 2 diabetes.*⁴
  

HbA1c is a vital marker for monitoring long-term blood glucose levels. Regular testing can help in the early detection and management of pre-diabetes and diabetes, ultimately preventing the progression of the disease and associated complications. By adopting a healthy lifestyle and keeping an eye on your HbA1c levels, you can take control of your health and prevent the onset of type 2 diabetes.

*As part of a lifestyle intervention including diet, exercise and motivational interviewing.

References:
1. Health Direct. HbA1c test. 2020. Available online at: https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/hba1c-test. 
2. The Royal Australian College of General Practitioners. Management of type 2 diabetes: A handbook for general practice. 2020. Available online at: https://www.racgp.org.au/getattachment/41fee8dc-7f97-4f87-9d90-b7af337af778/Management-of-type-2-diabetes-A-handbook-for-general-practice.aspx. Accessed May 2023. 
3.American Diabetes Association. Standards of Care in Diabetes 2023. Diabetes Care. 2023;46(Suppl.1):S1-291.
4.Chee WSS, et al. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care. 2017;5:e000384. 5. Better Health Channel. Diabetes. Available at: https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/diabetes. Accessed May 2023.