What is Pre-Diabetes?

Pre-diabetes means that your blood sugar levels are higher than normal, but not high enough to be diagnosed as diabetes². This condition often has no symptoms, making it difficult to detect without a blood test. The most common tests to diagnose pre-diabetes are the fasting plasma glucose test and the HbA1c test.
 

Risk Factors for Pre-Diabetes

Several risk factors can increase the likelihood of developing pre-diabetes, including:

• Age: Being 45 years or older
• Weight: Being overweight or obese
• Family History: Having a family history of diabetes
• Inactivity: Leading a sedentary lifestyle
• High Blood Pressure: Having high blood pressure or high cholesterol levels.
   

Importance of Early Detection

Early detection of pre-diabetes is crucial as it allows for timely intervention and lifestyle changes that can prevent the progression to type 2 diabetes. Regular screening is recommended for individuals at high risk, such as those with a family history of diabetes, overweight or obese individuals, and those with high blood pressure.

Lifestyle Changes for Prevention

Making healthy lifestyle changes is the most effective way to manage pre-diabetes and prevent type 2 diabetes. Here are some key strategies¹:

• Healthy Eating
  Focus on a balanced diet that includes plenty of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats. Avoid sugary beverages and processed foods.
  
  
• Regular Physical Activity
  Aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise per week, such as brisk walking, cycling, or swimming. Strength training exercises are also beneficial.
  
  
• Weight Management
  Losing even a small amount of weight (5-7% of body weight) can significantly reduce the risk of developing diabetes.
  
  
• Regular Monitoring
  Keep track of your blood sugar levels and attend regular check-ups with your healthcare provider.

Pre-diabetes is a serious health condition that can lead to type 2 diabetes if left unmanaged. However, with early detection and lifestyle changes, it is possible to prevent or delay the onset of diabetes. By adopting a healthy diet, engaging in regular physical activity, and maintaining a healthy weight, you can take control of your health and reduce your risk of developing diabetes.

References
1. Better Health Channel. Pre-diabetes. Available at: https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/diabetes-pre-diabetes. Accessed May 2023.
2. Mayo Clinic. Prediabetes. Available at: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/prediabetes/symptoms-causes/syc-20355278. Accessed May 2023.