Folic Acid

The body uses folate to make and repair DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid), the molecules that contain our genetic code. When any cell divides, DNA is needed to make a copy of itself, and folate is an essential part of this important process.

Each cell in our body requires folate for normal growth, division and proper functioning. However, fast dividing cells, such as immune cells and red blood cells are heavily dependent on folate availability.

Sufficient intake of folate during conception and pregnancy helps prevent neural tube defects (i.e., a serious birth defect of the brain and spinal cord). Some studies suggest that folic acid supplementation can lower the risk of preterm birth and congenital heart defects.²

Sources of Folate

Human body cannot produce folate, so getting enough from the diet is very important. The list of folate-rich food is quite long and includes dark green leafy vegetables, beans, peanuts, seafood, fresh fruit, seeds and many other sources. Unfortunately, only ~50% of folate from regular food can be absorbed by our bodies. The synthetic form of folate has a higher absorption potential (~85%) comparing with naturally occurring folate. Folate fortified food (e.g., maternal and growing-up milk, cereals, bread) and supplements are useful to avoid folate deficiency.

Folate deficiency can lead to many health problems, including²:

• Anemia
• Developmental irregularities in infants if pregnant women don’t get enough folate
• Increased risk of heart disease and certain cancers

Did You Know?

During first weeks of pregnancy, folic acid helps form the neural tube, the early form of brain and spine.

References:


¹ US Department of Health and Human Services. https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Folate-HealthProfessional/ Accessed on October 2, 2022.
² Bailey LB, Caudill MA. Folate. In: Erdman JW, Macdonald IA, Zeisel SH, eds. Present Knowledge in Nutrition. 10th ed. Washington, DC: Wiley-Blackwell; 2012:321-42.
³ Singapore Health Protection Board https://www.healthhub.sg/live-healthy/192/recommended_dietary_allowances Accessed on October 2, 2022.

SG.2022.32504.AND -PND.1 (v1.0)